绝密★启用前
2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
现代语言学
试卷
（课程代码 0830）
本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，第1页至第2页，第二部分为非选择题，第2页至第9页，共9页；选择题20分，非选择题80分，满分100分。考试时间为150分钟。
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总 分 |
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题 号 |
Ⅰ |
Ⅱ |
Ⅲ |
Ⅳ |
Ⅴ |
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核 分 人 |
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题 分 |
20 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
20 |
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复 查 人 |
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得 分 |
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第一部分
选择题（共20分）
I. Directions: Read each of the following statements
carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and
put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20%)
1．Linguistics is the scientific study of
__________.
A. a particular language
B. the English language
C. human languages in general
D. the system of a particular language [
]
2．The consonant [ f ] in English can be
correctly described as having the following phonetic
features: __________.
A. voiceless, bilabial, stop
B. voiceless, labiodental, fricative
C. voiced, bilabial, stop
D. voiced, labiodental, fricative
[
]
3．There are different types of affixes or
morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word "learned" is
known as a(n)
__________.
A. derivational morpheme
B. free morpheme
C. inflectional morpheme
D. free form
[
]
4．In the phrase structure rule
"S→NP VP", the arrow can be read as
__________.
A. is equal to
B. consists of
C. has
D. generates
[
]
5．"I bought some roses" __________ "I
bought some flowers".
A. entails
B. presupposes
C. is inconsistent with
D. is synonymous with
[
]
6．Y's utterance in the following
conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________.
X: Who was that you were with last
night?
Y: Did you know that you were wearing
odd socks?
A. quality
B. quantity
C. relation
D. manner
[
]
7．Changes in a language are changes in the
grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________ ,
words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or
altered.
A. phrases
B. sentences
C. morphemes
D. utterances
[
]
8．In a speech community people have
something in common __________ -- a language or a particular variety of language
and rules for using it.
A. socially
B. linguistically
C. culturally
D. pragmatically
[
]
9．Which of the major mental functions
listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people?
__________.
A. language and speech
B. visual and spatial skills
C. reading and writing
D. analytic reasoning
[
]
10．In general, the __________ stage begins
roughly in the second half of the child's second year.
A. babbling
B. one-word
C. two-word
D. multiword
[
]
第二部分
非选择题（共80分）
II．Directions:
Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first
letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE
word only , and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (
1%×10=10%)
11．As the first step of their scientific
investigation of language, linguists have to observe and collect linguistic
f
before they can do
anything else.
12．Phonological rules that govern the
combination of sounds in a particular language are called
s rules.
13．An independent unit of meaning that can
be used freely by itself is called a f
morpheme.
14．A c
sentence contains two
clauses joined by a linking word, such as "and","but","or".
15．The study of the linguistic meaning of
words, phrases, and sentences is called s .
16．In making conversation, the general
principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the C
Principle proposed by J.
Grice.
17．In addition to social changes, one of
the most pervasive sources of language change seems to be the continual process
of cultural t
across generations.
18．Language itself is not sexist, but its
use may reflect the s attitude connoted in the language that is
sexist.
19．When language and thought are identical
or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as "s speech," and speech as "overt thought."
In such a case, speaking and thinking take place
simultaneously.
20．I is the language that a
learner constructs at a given stage of SLA.
III．Directions:
Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for
true or F for false in the brackets
in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must
explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2%×10=20%)
21．（ ）An important difference between
traditional grammarians and modern linguists in their study of language is that
the former tended to over-emphasize the written form of language and encourage
people to imitate the "best authors" for language usage.
22．（ ）In classifying the English consonants
and vowels, the same criteria can be applied.
23．（ ）We can always tell by the words a
compound contains what it means because the
meaning of a compound is always the sum
of the meanings of its parts.
24．( ) Phrase structure rules can
generate an infinite number of sentences, and sentences with infinite length,
due to their recursive properites.
25．(
)The conceptualist
view of meaning holds that there is no direct link between a symbol and
reference, i.e. between language and thought.
26．（ ）Of the views concerning the study of
semantics, the contextual view, which places the study of meaning in the context
in which language is used, is often considered as the initial effort to study
meaning in a pragmatic sense.
27．( )In first language
acquisition children's grammar models exactly after the grammar of adult
language.
28．( )The sentences "He crazy"
and "He be sick all the time" are both acceptable in Black English vernacular
because copula deletion and habitual be are two famous features of Black
English.
29．(
)Speakers of different languages are capable of distinguishing and
recognizing experiences of the same objective world according to their
respective different linguistic coding system.
30．( )Instruction and
correction are key factors in child language development.
Ⅳ.Directions:
Explain the following terms,using one or two examples for illustration.
(3%×10=30%)
31．synchronic linguistics
32．displacement
33．a minimal pair
34．derivational affixes
35．syntax
36．language transfer
37．hyponymy
38．sentence meaning
39．lingua franca
40．cerebral cortex
Ⅴ. Answer the
following questions.（10%×2=20%）
41．Explain sociological triggers for
language change by giving a typical example in the history of
English.
42．Explain briefly the four main individual
learner factors that affect a learner’s acquisition of a second
language.
绝密★启用前 秘密★启用后
2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
现代语言学试题参考答案及评分标准
（课程代码 0830）
一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
1、C
2、B
3、C
4、B
5、A
6、C
7、C
8、B
9、B
10、C
二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
11、facts
12、sequential
13、free
14、coordinate
15、semantics
16、Cooperative 17、transmission 18、social
19、subvocal
20、Interlanguage
三、判断改错题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
21、（T）
22、（F）As there is an essential difference
between the consonants and the vowels, i.e. there
is some kind of obstruction of air in the production of
the former, but there is not in the production of the latter, it is impossible
to use the same criteria in their classification.
23、（F）We cannot always tell by the words a
compound contains what it means because the
meaning of a compound is not always the
sum of the meaning of its parts.
24、（T）
25、（F）The conceptualist view holds that there
is no direct link between a symbol and its
referent, i.e. between language and the real world;
rather, in the interpretation of meaning they are linked through the mediation
of concepts in the mind.
26、（T）
27、（F）In first language acquisition children's
grammar never models exactly after the
grammar of adult language, because children usually
construct their personal grammars by themselves and generalize rules from the
linguistic information they hear.
28、（T）
29、（T）
30 | 